BASIC INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER:

INTRODUCTION: The term computer is derived from the word "compute". The word compute means to calculate.

A computer is an electronic machine that accepts data from the user, processes the data by performing calculations and operations on it, and generates the desired output results.

WHAT IS COMPUTER ?

Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use.

The word 'computer' is made up of 8 letters of English, which makes its meaning even more broad.

C   Commonly

O   Operated

M   Machine

P   Particularly

U   Used for 

T   Technical

E   Education and

R    Research

The computer is basically divided into two parts:

i. Hardware

ii. Software

Input Device :- An input device is a hardware or peripheral device used to send data to a computer.

(Input device is a hardware or peripheral device used to send data to a computer.)

Output Device :- An output device is any Hardware or peripheral that receives data from a computer.

(Output device is a hardware or peripheral device that receives data from a computer)

Memory:- Memory is a device that is used to store data or programs.

Control Unit (CU): The control unit fetches one or more instructions from memory, decodes them and dispatches them to the appropriate functional units to be executed.

(The control unit reads the instructions from the memory and then converts them into signals and sends them to the input output and ALU so that all of them can start their work according to the given instructions.

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit):-

There are two subsections in this unit.

1. Arithmetic Section (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division)

2. Logic Section (comparing, selecting, matching, and merging)

FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL UNIT:

1. It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and instructions between other units of the computer.

2. It manages and coordinates all the units of the computer.

3. It reads instructions from memory, decodes them

4. It does not process or store data.

FEATURES OF A COMPUTER:

Speed​​: Computer can do millions of calculations in a second. At present, the computer can also perform calculations in nano seconds (10 seconds). The clock speed of a computer is measured in 19 megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

Accuracy (error-free): The computer extracts the result of even the most difficult task without any error. If any mistake is found during the calculation, it is due to human errors in the data or program.

Storage Capacity: A lot of information can be stored in the computer's memory which can be used in future.

Versatile (Multipurpose): Various types of work can be done with the help of computer. Modern computers have the ability to perform different types of tasks at the same time.

Secrecy: By using password in the computer, we can keep our data secure.

Diligence: A computer can do any task millions of millions of times without getting tired.

Automatic: Once the program is loaded in the computer, its work automatically.